Sunday, November 23, 2014

Rosacea: Symptoms and Treatment



Rosacea: A dermatological mystery

Rosacea is a chronic skin condition, characterized by marked facial redness, that may be mistaken for acne, a skin allergy, eczema or the excessive use of alcohol.

The symptoms of rosacea include the following: red blotchy areas on face, small, red bumps or pustules on the nose, cheeks, forehead or chin, red bulbous nose (rhinophyma), visible small blood vessels on the nose and cheeks, burning, or gritty sensation in eyes, a tendency to flush or blush easily (1)

Acne rosacea, or adult acne, is another name for rosacea and has three distinct phases: Pre-rosacea starts with a tendency to flush or blush easily. It progresses to a persistent redness in the center of the face, especially the nose; vascular rosacea reveals small, swollen blood vessels on the nose and cheeks (telangiectasia). The skin is overly sensitive. Oily skin and dandruff are noted; inflammatory rosacea shows small, red bumps, or pustules, gradually spreading over the nose, cheeks, forehead and chin; severe cases show enlargement of the sebaceous, or oil glands in the nose and cheeks, with a build up of tissue around the nose; ocular rosacea gives a burning and gritty sensation to the eyes. The inner eyelids may become inflamed and scaly. (2)

The cause of rosacea is unknown, but several theories include the following: blood vessel disorder, chronic gastrointestinal bacterial infection, mites in hair follicles and sun damage (3)

Rosacea is aggravated by the following: hot spicy foods/beverages, alcoholic beverages, extremes in temperature, exposure to sunlight, anger, stress or embarrassment, strenuous exercise, hot baths/saunas, corticosteroids; drugs that dilate blood vessels (4)

A person experiencing persisting symptoms, should contact a physician or see a dermatologist.

Treatment for rosacea may consist of the following:: moisturizers, skin cleansers, sunscreens, topical antibiotics (metronidazole), azelaic acid (Azelex), oral antibiotics (Tetracycline, erythromycin), accutane for inflammatory rosacea, laser surgery or electrosurgery (5)

Symptoms may decrease after several months. Long term treatment is  indicated.

Preventative measures may include the following: protection of the face in winter, avoidance of touching, or rubbing the face, avoidance of facial products containing alcohol, application of moisturizer after topical medication has dried, usage of products that don't clog oil and sweat gland openings, avoidance of getting over heated, usage of green or yellow tinted pre-foundation creams and powders, avoidance of alcohol consumption (6)

For further information, please refer to the Mayo Clinic website.

1. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/rosacea/DS00308/DSECTION=symptoms

2. Ibid.

3 .http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/rosacea/DS00308/DSECTION=causes

4. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/rosacea/DS00308/DSECTION=risk-factors

5. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/rosacea/DS00308/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugs

6. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/rosacea/DS00308/DSECTION=lifestyle-and-home-remedies


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